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Joint fieldwork with SERNAGEOMIN - Río Loa Canyon

Between the 18th and the 24th of July 2019 a small group of researchers from the CRC-1211 and Sernageomin (Servicio Nacional de Geología y Minería) from Chile conducted the first joint fieldwork in the Atacama Desert. The Chilean group from Sernageomin was formed by Dr. Fernando Sepúlveda, Dr. Paulina Vásquez and Eduardo Martínez (driver), while the CRC-1211 group consisted of Dr. Damián López and Dr. Benedikt Ritter, with the collaboration and support of Alejandro Mancilla from the UCN (Universidad Católica del Norte).

For the first time, samples from the Rio Loa canyon (outcropping bedrock and deposited sediments) were successfully collected from steep slopes and walls with the use of climbing gear. It was a big effort considering the difficult access to the sampling sites and the harsh environmental conditions. The gathered samples will contribute to the understanding of the regional geology concerning timing of deposition of large gravel sequences. They will also contribute to gain hitherto unexplored insights into the paleoclimate and the evolution towards hyperaridity in the core area of the Atacama Desert, covering potentially Eocene/Oligocene to Lower Miocene time scales.

The samples will be processed with new dating techniques at the University of Cologne (partly developed within the 1st Phase of the CRC-1211) and at the Sernageomin facilities in Santiago de Chile. Combined fieldwork and lab analysis will merge in joint publications in the near future. The exchange of knowledge and on-site discussions about geological processes with the special background of both parties opened up a wide field of opportunities for future research and following projects. Both parties agreed that future collaborative projects in the Atacama Desert should be continued to tackle the complex research questions of this area with regional to over regional impact.

 

 

Pressen Eulychnia TBoehnert TB011954 1 350pxGroup picture of the field campaign participants. From left to right: Paulina Vásquez, Fernando Sepúlveda, Damián López, Eduardo Martínez, Alejandro Mancilla and Benedikt Ritter. Hanging Valley at the southern rim of the Rio Loa.
Photo:
Benedikt Ritter
 

Pressen Eulychnia TBoehnert TB011954 1 350px Extreme sampling at the Rio Loa canyon wall by Damían Lopéz. We used up to 400m of ropes and several kg of climbing gear to sample so far not sampled sediments and bedrock outcropping at the Rio Loa canyon.
Photo:
Benedikt Ritter

 

Pressen Eulychnia TBoehnert TB011954 1 350pxExtreme harsh environment, such as strong winds and difficult terrain compounded the sampling. Salt encrusted sediments and outcropping salt rocks at the rim of the canyon enabled the possibility of damaging ropes and equipement.
Photo:
Benedikt Ritter

     
Pressen Eulychnia TBoehnert TB011954 1 350pxOne target for sampling was this paleosol outcropping up to 50-60m below the rim of the Rio Loa.
Photo:
Damían Lopéz
  Pressen Eulychnia TBoehnert TB011954 1 350pxDrone captured image from the northern rim of the Rio Loa. We used both 4x4 trucks for fixing climbing and safety ropes. In the background, outcropping gravels sequences of the Rio Loa Canyon gravels and Alto Hospicio gravels were the main target of this field campaign.
Photo:
Benedikt Ritter
     
Pressen Eulychnia TBoehnert TB011954 1 350pxBird’s eye view of the fixing system for climbing and safety rope.
Photo:
Benedikt Ritter
  Pressen Eulychnia TBoehnert TB011954 1 350px Outcropping paleosol within gravel sequence. Due to sea-fog, outcropping sediments were strongly cemented, which complicated sampling.
Photo:
Benedikt Ritter
     
Pressen Eulychnia TBoehnert TB011954 1 350pxMorning fog (‘camanchaca’) lying in the Rio Loa canyon.
Photo:
Benedikt Ritter
   

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New Exhibition at the Botanical Garden in Bonn features CRC-Researchers

The Botanical Garden in Bonn is hosting the exhibition "Forscher, Sammler, Pflanzenjäger – Unterwegs mit Humboldt & Co." The exhibition, which runs until 15th September 2019, illuminates the history of botanical voyages and travelers.

In addition to the main collection, which was developed by the Association of Botanical Gardens (Verband Botanischer Gärten), there will also be a small special exhibition "Researchers, collectors, plant hunters today: The Atacama Adventure", which features the CRC-researchers Atacama project (B01).

Everyone is cordially invited.

Address:
Botanische Gärten der Universität Bonn, Meckenheimer Allee 171, 53115 Bonn

 

IMG 1029 1 350pxThe Mejillones Peninsula north of Antofagasta, Chile. CRC-scientists investigate the relationship between the local plant populations.
Photo:
J. Voelkel

 

IMG 1210 1 350pxBesides modern gene analyses and data on the paleoclimate, the botanists use an almost antiquarian-looking plant press.
Photo:
J. Voelkel

 

IMG 1033 1 350px Felix Merklinger and Dr. Federico Luebert are searching for plant samples in the coastal areas of the Atacama Desert in Chile.
Photo:
J. Voelkel

C3/Z2/Z3 Fieldwork 2019: “showers” in the desert

C3/Z2/Z3 Fieldwork 2019: “showers” in the desert

The joint fieldwork of the subprojects C3, Z2 and Z3 in February and March 2019 was successfully completed. We were able to conduct UAV-based flights over several surfaces, in particular with the new and bigger UAV, equipped with specific sensors, including flights over tillandsia sites in the Atacama Desert (see Picture 1). Likewise, we revisited every weather station of our network for control and specific readjustments. All data, metadata, pictures and a visualization tool is available in the weather section of the CRC1211DB (https://www.crc1211db.uni-koeln.de/wd/index.php). After the strong rain events of January and February, we documented surface changes at several locations, and rainfall induced vegetation growth at unexpected places (see Picture 2 & 3).

During our campaign, we carried out several days of fieldwork on zebra stripe-covered hillslopes along the Paposo fault. Using the 10 m2-large irrigation device, we performed irrigation experiments in order to simulate heavy rainfall events, and to provoke overland flow and zebra stripe activity (Pictures 4 & 5). In addition, we carried out extensive morphometric analyses and sampling of zebra stripes (Picture 6). Further work included chronostratigraphical investigations and sediment sampling at a number of hillslope sites between Antofagasta and Pisagua, as well as the installation of soil water content and temperature monitoring sensors, which will capture important data for understanding local environmental conditions on both daily and annual time scales. Time-lapse cameras and a seismometer at one of our zebra stripe sites (aiming at unravelling a seismic shaking-related origin of zebra stripes) complement our monitoring network.

Finally, we carried out irrigation experiments using our (shower cabin-like) small irrigation device (Picture 7) during several days of joint fieldwork together with colleagues from subproject B05. The investigations aim at understanding in-soil colloid transport in different (CRC 1211 transect-related) areas of the Atacama. This work will be continued during the next years.

 

picture1 350pxUAV flight at Tillandsia site.
Photo:
G. Bareth

 

picture2 350pxSwimming pool at Ruta A-75.
Photo:
D. Hoffmeister

 

picture3 350pxFlowers in the desert at weather station 15.
Photo:
D. Hoffmeister

 

picture4 350pxLarge irrigation device at zebra stripe-covered hillslope.
Photo:
GoPro - D. Hoffmeister

 

picture5 350pxProvoked overland flow.
Photo:
GoPro - D. Hoffmeister

 

picture6 350pxSampling at zebra stripe-covered hillslope.
Photo:
S.M. May

 

picture7 350pxShower cabin-like, small irrigation device used for joint fieldwork together with colleagues from subproject B05 for investigations on in-soil colloid transport.
Photo:
D. Hoffmeister


ProjectProjectProject

B2 - three field trips

B2 - three field trips

In the subproject B2 we investigate the evolution of insects in arid environments with emphasis on desert specialist such as the hyperdiverse tenebrionid beetles and silverfish. In the last years, three field trips have been undertaken to gain an overview of the species composition, genetic diversity and colonization history of these insects in the Chilean Atacama. The third field work December 2018/January 2019 completed the survey with an extensive use of pitfall traps along the different sections of the Chilean Atacama (Coastal Cordillera, Central Depression, Precordillera, Altiplano).

A real surprise was the identification of the Gondwanan relict silverfish Maindronia as THE DESERT ANIMAL.  Maindronia was found in hyperarid environments where no other animals could be observed. The first member of a previously undescribed tribe of tenebrionid beetles was found exclusively under salt crusts along salars. This is another example of adaptation to extreme habitats in the Atacama region. We are deciphering the key abiotic and biotic factors that determine(d) the current distribution of such extremophilous taxa in the hyperarid areas of the Atacama. 

 

 

1 First Field trip 2017 Zuniga Ragionieri Blaeser Flores Predel 350pxFirst Field trip 2017 (Zúñiga, Ragionieri, Bläser, Flores, Predel)
Photo:
R. Predel

 

2 Newly described Gyriosomus 350pxNewly described Gyriosomus
Photo:
A. Zúñiga-Reinoso

 

 

3 Trap preparation in the Coastal Cordillera 350pxTrap preparation in the Coastal Cordillera
Photo:
R. Predel

 

4 Home of Maindronia 350pxHome of Maindronia
Photo:
R. Predel

 

5 Home of Lala 350pxHome of Lala
Photo:
R. Predel

 

6 Collecting insects in the Altiplano 350pxCollecting insects in the Altiplano
Photo:
R. Predel

 

7 Psectrascelis hot spot 350pxPsectrascelis hot spot
Photo:
R. Predel

 

8 Happy End 2019 350pxHappy End 2019
Photo:
R. Predel


Project



Contact

  Speaker:
Prof. Dr. Tony Reimann
Institute of Geography | University of Cologne
Zülpicher Str. 45 | 50674 Cologne
+49 (0)221 470-1724 | t.reimann@uni-koeln.de
   
  Managing Director:
Christian Tiede
Institute of Geology and Mineralogy | University of Cologne

Zülpicher Str. 49b | 50674 Cologne
+49 (0)221 470-89833 | christian.tiede@uni-koeln.de

 _

  Co-Speaker:
Prof. Dr. Christine Heim
Institute of Geology and Mineralogy | University of Cologne

Zülpicher Str. 49a | 50674 Cologne
+49 (0)221 470-6818 | christine.heim@uni-koeln.de
   
  Scientific Coordinator:
Dr. Benedikt Ritter
Institute of Geology and Mineralogy | University of Cologne

Zülpicher Str. 49b | 50674 Cologne
+49 (0)221 470-89868 | benedikt.ritter@uni-koeln.de

 _

  Co-Speaker:
Prof. Dr. Dietmar Quandt
Nees Institute for Biodiversity of Plants | University of Bonn

Meckenheimer Allee 170 | 53115 Bonn
+49 (0)228 73-3315 | quandt@uni-bonn.de
   
  Webmaster:
Tim Schlüter
Institute of Geography | University of Cologne

Otto-Fischer-Str. 4 | 50674 Cologne
+49 (0)221 470-3735 | webmaster@sfb1211.de
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